Sofue Bubbles 
= GC Super Bubbles = Bipolar Hyper Shell (BHS) 
= North Polar Spur 
 The Sofue Bubbles were discovered in 1970's in the radio continuum 
maps of the Milky Way. The bubbles have been extensively studied 
and modeled in the Galactic Centre explosion paradigm with the 
released energy 10^55 to 10^56 ergs 10-15 Million years ago.
They were confirmed by X-ray observations in 1990's by Wisconsin, HEAO
and ROSAT sattelites, and more recently by gamma and X-ray surveys.
The Sofue Bubbles are called sometimes Fermi and/or eROSITA bubbles.  
1977 GC Explosion by MHD simulation: Discovery of the Sofue bubble in Radio
   

1979 NPS 1420 MHz Obs.


1980 GC Explosion by MHD: Huge Galactic Bubbles
  

1984 GC Shock Wave, BHS
 

1994 GC Explosion: Discovery of Xray Bubbles by Wisconsin, HEAO sattelites


2000 GC Explosion, Shock Wave, Radio and X-ray ROSAT
  

2001 Gaxaxies Explosion, BHS, ROSAT
 

2016 GC Explosion Hydro. Simu. and ROSAT
  

2015 NPS Distance, X absorption



2021 Gal. Bubble interacting with the Galactic Disc
 

2023 H alpha faintness of the NPS/Sofue Bubble


Half-a-century Debate : GC Explosion vs Loop I=SNR (Japanese)

Half-a-century Debate : GC Explosion vs Loop I=SNR (English)


=> More recent papers on the Galactic Center and Sofue Bubbles/Lobes